A Literature Review On Adult Adults With An Intellectual...

A literature review addressing overweight and obesity in male adults with an intellectual disability, living in rural and remote Australia. The literature review involved collating information about the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Australian adults, identifying key documents related to overweight and obesity in the population group of 35-50 years old men. A literature search was conducted to identify recent reviews and evidence based research on the prevalence of obesity in male adults aged 35-50 years with an intellectual disability, living in rural and remote Australia. Initial searches were limited to systemic review and meta-analyses. This is a highly appropriate approach as it makes use of major international research collaborations and manages the volume of published literature. It also ensures that the review considers and reflects on international perspectives. Particular focus is placed on studies conducted within rural communities and those on male adult. Overweight and obesity is suffering from an intellectual disability. A widespread and serious problem for about half of adult Australians with 66% of men and 30 and over, and approximately 47% of women in the same age group being overweight or obese. Men are more likely to be overweight then women, particularly in rural and remote communities (AIHW, 2010). The recent report on ‘Rural, regional and remote health’ (AIHW, 2010) notes the importance of differentiating between the effects of living in aShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Autism On Children With Autism857 Words   |  4 Pagespeople with Autism are employed. This statistic is especially concerning, when the generally high academic and creative ability of many adults with Autism is considered. This review evaluates three categories of parental factors, demographic, psychological, and behavioral, to determine what effect, if any, they may have on the work participation outcomes for adults diagnosed with Autism. Using studies of various methodologies and populations, only one (parent expectations) of the all factors discussedRead MoreChildren With Down Syndrome : A Developmental Disorder1615 Words   |  7 Pages Musharrafieh, Khaddage, Sabri, 2014). According to Segal and Pesco (2015), Down Syndrome is characterised by physical features such as distinct facial chara cteristics, low muscle tone; conditions such as congenital heart disease; and Intellectual Disability with IQs typically ranging from 30 to 70. One of the striking characteristics in individuals with Down Syndrome is poor speech and language abilities (Loveall, Channell, Phillips, Abbeduto, Conners, 2016). Segal and Pesco(2015) argues thatRead MoreUnderstanding Services for Developmental Disabilities1013 Words   |  5 PagesAs a parent, learning that your child has developmental disabilities can be a life altering moment in time and can cause a devastating chain reaction of events. 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However, what is often overlooked are the structural benefits of being abled withinRead MoreTeaching And Promoting Self Determination1406 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract With the reauthorization of Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) (P.L. 101-476) in 1990, a student with disabilities interests, preferences, strengths, and needs were to be considered when in developing goals on their Individual Education Plan. The 1997 and 2004 amendments of IDEA continued to meet and strengthen these requirements. To meet this federal mandate, teaching and promoting self-determination and the core components of self-determination have become an evidencedRead MoreThe Disabilities Of The Americans With Disabilities Act1551 Words   |  7 Pagesalmost one in five people live with a disability (US Census Bureau, 2015). There are 6.4 million children between the ages of 3 to 21 that are receiving special education services (National Center for Education Statistics, 2014). In Georgia, 23.4% of the population are people under the age of 21 living with a disability (Erickson Schrader, 2014). Bulloch County has a population of 71,214 and of the entire popula tion, 16% of them are living with a disability (Cornell, 2012). By the standardsRead MoreEmployment Activities And Outcomes Of Adults With Asperger s Disorder1795 Words   |  8 PagesBaldwin, S., Costly, D., Warren, A. (2014) Employment activities and experiences of adults with high-functioning Autism and Asperger’s Disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44(10), 2440-2449. doi:10.1007/s10803-014-2112-z Using a subset of data from the Autism Spectrum Australia study done in 2013, this report examines the employment activities and outcomes of 130 adults diagnosed with Asperger’s Disorder and High Functioning Autism. The study looked at several outcome areasRead MoreAnalysis Of Using Multiple Schedules During Functional Communication Training1078 Words   |  5 Pageswere the behaviors that were most likely to occur. The result demonstrated that when their was low level of adult attention and high level of task difficulty they were identified as misbehavior (Garr, Durand, 1985). In the second experiment, the data collected was used to select replacements for behaviors. Children were taught to ask for attention or assistance using verbal language with adults. The methods used to reduce maladaptive behaviors involved differentiated reinforcement of functional communicationRead MoreA Group Of Pediatric Occupational Therapists Essay1964 Words   |  8 Pagesinfluenced by the skills they learn. The practice of this therapy approach, while already quite effective, can be improved in several ways through the consideration of several concepts that we have seen in our Health Psychology literature. In this paper, I will outline and review the concepts of health behaviors as they are observed through the Biopsychosocial Model, the promotion of positive health behaviors through the utilization of teachable moments and socialization, the encouragement of self-modificationRead MoreMental Health Disorders in the Criminal Justice System: Annotated Bibliography 2221 Words à ‚  |  9 Pagesdisorders in the criminal justice system, prepared by Ogloff, J.R.P., Davis, M.R., Rivers, G. and Ross, S., Australian Institute of Criminology, Canberra. In this research bulletin commissioned by the Criminology Research Council, Ogloff et al. review the level of screening and the instruments used across jurisdictions to assess mental illness in justice agencies. Ogloff et al. intend to highlight the need and argue for a nationwide system of screening of all accused offenders taken into police

Normality and Human Behavior - 1674 Words

The concept of being â€Å"normal† is one that is often spoken about being the front of conversation, spoken with much defence and controversy. In contrast, this topic is spoken about with great â€Å"hush† because it is seen as a taboo in society; due to the sensitive issue of an individuals expected behaviour. On the other hand, the topic of â€Å"abnormal† is often given a similar light to the idea of being â€Å"normal†. Many psychologist have tried to explain one of these labels often using the starting point of normality, then any behaviour that deviates away from this is seen as abnormal. However, as many psychologist and theorists have found there is much more complexity behind each label, this is due to diversity of people, cultural relativism and mixed societies within the world all trying to define their own concept of what is â€Å"normal† and â€Å"abnormal† human behaviour. It is very difficult to begin to draw a solid line from where normality begins and finishes becoming abnormal. Through-out time there have been many explanations that try to established a genderalisable definition for abnormal behaviour. One of which is deviation from social norms, under this explanation behaviour is classed as abnormal if it deviates away from the unwritten customary rules of society that a coà ¶rdinate our behaviour within a particular society or culture Young, H (2007). Social norms are hugely context dependent and vary heavily through difference cultures and religion. The changing of timesShow MoreRelatedSexual Sexuality And Sexual Practices933 Words   |  4 Pagestowards sexuality we can learn more about how humans tick. RUBIN’S RESEARCH Rubin’s prior research on the normality of certain sexual practices were the basis of this study. Rubin developed a sexual hierarchy where at the top were â€Å"good/normal† practices emphasizing monogamy and heterosexuality. While at the bottom were the â€Å"bad/abnormal† practices involving homosexuality, fetishism etc. Their research also looked at the heavy social influence on human sexuality. Rubin grouped western nations intoRead MoreExamine the Concepts of Normality and Abnormality1419 Words   |  6 PagesExamine the concepts of normality and abnormality (22mks) Abnormality may be defined as behavior that causes distress, loss of freedom, physical or emotional pain, and increased risk of death or injury to self or something that causes a disability of some sort. Abnormal behaviour is however difficult to diagnose because it is, to a large extent, based on the symptoms people exhibit. 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Candide and the Enlightenment Free Essays

Conor Brown Western Civ. 9/17/11 Candide: A Reflection Harsh criticism abounds in the enlightened satire Candide by Voltaire. The author constantly goes against the popular flow and challenges the status quo of the Enlightenment. We will write a custom essay sample on Candide and the Enlightenment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Nothing is off limits for Voltaire and topics stretch from love, class, warfare and even religion. In the ever-changing society of the Enlightened period many just believed in the teachings of the supposed leading philosophers of the time, but Voltaire challenged these ideas and brought about new and what he believed were logical ways of thinking. Even though the Enlightenment is constantly satirized in the book it is in its self a work of the Enlightenment. Which is very ironic but true nonetheless. However, through these harsh criticisms Voltaire presents his work in an extremely humorous and approachable way. Perhaps the best example of how the Enlightenment is satirized is Voltaire’s view of optimism. One of the movements most regarded philosophers was Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. He founded this idea of supreme optimism. His theory was that since God is a benevolent deity all is good in the world no matter what happens. In other words everything happens for a reason, but that reason is always a good one. Voltaire saw it otherwise and gave multiple examples to back his defense. The first example revolves around Candide’s teacher Pangloss who is a supreme believer in the optimistic teachings of Leibniz. Pangloss had gone missing for a while but Candide soon finds him as a beggar with many sores all over his body. Pangloss explains that he had contracted syphilis from a servant in the Baron’s mansion. Now, usually any terrible disease is a bad thing but in Pangloss’ mind it is a good thing. He explains to Candide that syphilis comes from Columbus’ discovery of the New World and says that without it Europe would have never been able to benefit from the new discoveries made there. For example without syphilis the Europeans would have never had the privilege of enjoining chocolate. That definitely seems extremely far-fetched that in order for someone to enjoying chocolate millions needed to suffer from syphilis. Voltaire’s satirizing is clearly evident in this example. Another example of optimism is the Lisbon earthquake of 1755. This was one of the worst tragedies of the time and over 30,000 people were killed during it. Even Jacques, a faithful friend to Candide, dies drowning while trying to save a bad sailor. How the heck could this be thought as a good thing? Well Pangloss reveals that it is for the best because the Lisbon harbor was constructed in order for Jacques to die and even though the harbor and thousands or people suffered it was completely necessary. This is totally ridiculous and not realistic. These exaggerations of optimism are meant to be unrealistic simply to bring about how flawed Voltaire sees the views are. Personally to me optimism is a good trait to have in certain situations. When 30,000 thousand people must suffer or millions must contact syphilis in order to get a piece of chocolate optimism does not seem like a logical term. Optimism is good to help people get through tough times but it should not be the sole reason for why things occur. I do believe that everything does happen for a reason but I also believe that not everything occurs for a good reason. Sometimes things just happen because that is what God intended but it will not always lead to something good. The Enlightened leaders did present some good ideas in optimism beliefs but they were not all true. There are quite a few elements in Candide that show Voltaire’s criticism on society. Class and order is visited frequently through out the book. There is this belief of how class and order are the only things that matter in life and that’s how one can get far in life. Frequently individuals and families in seats of authority abuse their power by hurting and mistreating servants and slaves. Voltaire presents these characters as ruthless idiots who care nothing about the subjects they rule over but only look out for themselves. At this time in history the servant and master relationship was still alive and well. Voltaire criticizes this view by showing how corrupt and distraught this system really is. Voltaire harshly criticizes warfare. Candide shows us how he hates warfare and believes it to be futile and wasteful. He is forced into the army and is beaten for reasons he cannot explain. Women are also raped and beaten badly. Candide finds all of this so bad that he escapes from the army. Voltaire is providing an anti-war view that seems very logical. Excess war is not good and most times war is not good because of how people go about it. Voltaire has very strong beliefs concerning this and he shows it through his character Candide. Voltaire also criticizes religion quite often. Whether it is by mocking a faith or showing the true side of an accepted belief. When Candide enters Holland and refuses to call the Pope the antichrist a group of Protestants calls him a heretic and pours waste on him. An Anabaptist named Jacques comes over and helps Candide by cleaning him and giving him some food. The Anabaptist helps again by trying to save a sailor who has fallen off the ship during the earthquake. Jacques’ only reward for helping others is his own death by drowning. Voltaire shows how society hates a man just because his religion is different even when the man is nothing but good to others. The Protestants are accepted by society even though they are frequently mean and intolerant of others religious beliefs. A harsh but true criticism is explored here. Several punches are thrown at Catholicism throughout the book. The clergy of the Church especially gets the worst of it. When in Lisbon an old woman takes care of Candide after he is flogged. They share stories and she casually states how she is the daughter of Pope Urban X and the Princess of Palestrina. The supposed corruption of the Catholic Church was revealed here in order to show how the Catholics were being ruled by a liar who was suppose to be celibate. A serious problem for a religion considering their leader is a fraud. Society is asked how can you truly believe in your religion when your leader does not even believe? Another huge criticism of religion and society in general is when Candide visits the mythical city of El Dorado. Voltaire paints this utopian society that criticizes the modern day beliefs of religion and tries to show the ideal religion in El Dorado. Here is a place where they believe that God has created everything and simply then left it alone, providing a Deist approach. The real kicker that Voltaire throws in is how the inhabitants of El Dorado constantly thank God but they do not attend mass and there are even no priests. Voltaire believes that priests are unnecessary and often get in the way and a much simpler approach to religion should be thought of in Europe. Even in this paradise of great religion Candide leaves to find his love and become happier. Which shows that Voltaire believes that society is never completely happy and always wants more even when they are in paradise. Candide has many humorous moments through out but some of my favorite revolve around the over exaggerations in order to criticize. Each approach to optimism is funny because of how wildly outrageous it is. The fact that someone could believe that syphilis was a good thing because it brought about chocolate or that 30,000 people dying was necessary are so outrageous that it is hard not to chuckle even just the slightest. I also find the names of all the things very humorous. The term metaphysico-theologico-cosmoloonigology is very funny and also pokes fun at how the philosophers of the time considered themselves to be very sophisticated and extreme intellectuals. The name of the area where Candide is from, Thunder-Ten-Tronckh, is also quite humorous and might be used to show how the Baron thought he was extremely powerful. The humor provided a very approachable way to talking about very touchy topics at the time while still stating Voltaire’s mind as well as making fun of people along the way. Regardless of Voltaire making fun of the ideals of the Enlightened period, Candide is still a book of Enlightened values. The Age of Enlightenment is also often referred to as the Age of Reason. The philosophers and intellectuals of the time were just simply trying to give reasonable explanations to numerous topics and mysteries. In reality that is all Voltaire was trying to do as well. He was providing a critique to the intellectual beliefs and reasons and he himself was providing his own reasoning through this book. By showing his own paradise and criticizing the religion of the time he was trying to provide a reasonable approach to society’s view on religious beliefs. He was also reasonable explaining how ridiculous the idea of optimism really was. Voltaire was of the Enlightened age and he himself was trying to reason. Sure he did it through some bold and unorthodox ways but all he was trying to do was enlighten the reader and explain how he viewed the great mysteries and beliefs of the world. How to cite Candide and the Enlightenment, Papers

St. Thomas Aquinas Theology free essay sample

Major ideas of 13th Century. Christian philosopher. Rational proofs of God, influence of Aristotle, methodology, ethics, metaphysics. Philosophy, religious faith, and theology are complementary aspects of the writings and thought of St. Thomas Aquinas, among other religious philosophers. Philosophy is a mode of thought, a means of speculating based on logic and experience. Philosophy is the means by which human beings have of examining their place in the universe. Religious faith is an accepted truth based on belief rather than close analysis. Theology is the study of God and the study of religious teaching. Aquinas combines all three of these conceptions as he analyzes human nature, the relationship between the human being and God, and the meaning of teachings of the Church. Plato held that the body and the soul were separate and of a very different constitution, while Aristotle saw the soul as form of the body, a view accepted by St. We will write a custom essay sample on St. Thomas Aquinas Theology or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Thomas Aquinas. Thomas was a